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ST 3.1 –
Protección radiológica en radiodiagnóstico (orientada a intervencionismo)
MONTE CARLO ESTIMATION FOR PEDIATRIC BARIUM
MEAL PROCEDURES
Filipov, Danielle
1
*; Reuters Schelin, Hugo
2
; Deniak, Valeriy
2
;
Paschuk, Sergei
1
; Legnani, Adriano
2
; Ledesma, Jorge Alberto
2
;
Sauzen, Jessica
1
; Yagui, Akemi
1
; Jamil Houry, Helen
3
1
Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná. Brasil.
2
Instituto De Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe. Brasil.
3
Universidade Federal De Pernambuco. Brasil.
* Responsible author, email: dfilipov@utfpr.edu.br
Fluoroscopic barium meal (BM) or upper gastrointestinal (UGI) series involve an X-ray
examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum, by the use of a contrast media – the
barium sulfate. They are widely used to observe digestive functions or to diagnose
abnormalities such as ulcers; tumors; inflammation of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum;
malrotations; vascular rings; and gastroesophageal reflux disease (a common ailment in
children). However, this procedure uses long fluoroscopy times and multiple radiographies,
resulting in high effective doses to pediatric patients, whose radiosensitivity and life expectancy
are higher than in adults. Based on those data, the aims of the current study are to: determine
KAP (kerma-area product) values, on the patient chest area, and the effective doses to 5 and
10 years old children. Thirty-two different pediatric patients were studied and stratified into
two
group sizes: 5 and 10 years old. For each procedure, the following data was recorded: sex, age
and upper chest thickness, from the patients; technical parameters of the procedure, distances
(focus-detector and focus-table) and field size on the examination table. Three pairs LiF:Mg,Ti
thermoluminescent dosimeters were positioned at the center of the child´s sternum. After that,
upper chest thickness was subtracted from focus-table distance, so focus-patient distance was
obtained. Using the field size on the table and applying similar triangles concepts, the field size
on the patient was measured, which was multiplied by the mean kerma (from the dosimeters),
so that KAP could be determined. To estimate the effective dose, KAP and technical
parameters of the procedure (kV, total filtration, focus-detector distance and field size on the
patient) were written in a Monte Carlo software simulation. The results of KAP and effective
doses were higher than studies used for comparison, even the ones performed in adults, which
shows the importance of an optimization implementation.